Catacombs of Kom el Shaqafa

The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa is a significant archaeological site in Alexandria, Egypt, and is recognized as one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages.  This ancient necropolis features a series of tombs, statues, and artifacts that reflect a fusion of Pharaonic, Hellenistic, and early Roman influences. The catacombs vividly showcase the blending of cultures typical of Alexandria during the Roman period. For example, some statues exhibit traditional Egyptian forms but are dressed in Roman clothing and hairstyles, while other architectural and decorative elements display a mix of Greek and Roman styles.  A circular staircase, originally used to lower bodies into the tombs, descends into chambers carved into bedrock during the reign of the Antonine emperors in the 2nd century CE. The catacombs served as a burial site from the 2nd to the 4th century. They were rediscovered in 1900 when a donkey accidentally fell into the access shaft. Archaeologists have since uncovered three sarcophagi along with human and animal remains, some of which were likely added later. It is believed the catacombs were initially intended for a single family, though the reason behind their expansion to accommodate many others remains uncertain.  One notable section is the Hall of Caracalla, which contains the remains of horses believed to have belonged to the Roman Emperor Caracalla. These tombs were constructed in 215 CE, specifically for his horses, adding a unique and intriguing aspect to the site.